First year science students 7 chapter imp questions for chemistry ⚗️🧪

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✅ Chapter-Wise Important Questions (Class 11 Chemistry)

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1. Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

Define mole. How is it related to Avogadro's number?

Explain the law of conservation of mass with an example.

Differentiate between empirical formula and molecular formula.

Calculate the molar mass of a compound (numerical).

What is limiting reagent? Give an example.

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2. Structure of Atom

What are quantum numbers? Write their significance.

Explain Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle.

What are the postulates of Bohr’s atomic model?

Draw the shapes of s, p, and d orbitals.

Calculate the wavelength or frequency using Planck's equation (numerical).

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3. Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

State modern periodic law.

Define atomic radius, ionization enthalpy, and electron affinity.

How does atomic size vary in a period and group?

Why is the first ionization enthalpy of nitrogen greater than oxygen?

Difference between Mendeleev’s and Modern periodic table.

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4. Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Define ionic and covalent bonds with examples.

Explain VSEPR theory with structure of CH₄, NH₃, H₂O.

What is hybridisation? Give types with examples.

Draw Lewis structures of CO₂, SO₂, NH₃.

Difference between sigma and pi bonds.

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5. States of Matter: Gases and Liquids

Derive Boyle’s Law or Charles’s Law mathematically.

Define ideal gas. How is it different from a real gas?

What is Van der Waals equation? Explain its significance.

Explain the concept of critical temperature.

Numerical based on gas laws (ideal gas equation).

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6. Thermodynamics

Define system and surroundings. Types of systems.

Differentiate between enthalpy and internal energy.

State the First Law of Thermodynamics.

Define Hess’s Law. Use it to calculate enthalpy change (numerical).

What is Gibbs free energy? Write the condition for spontaneity.

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7. Equilibrium

Define chemical equilibrium. What is dynamic equilibrium?

Write and explain the law of mass action.

What is Le Chatelier’s principle? Explain with examples.

Define pH and write the formula for pH.

Numericals on Ka, Kb, pH, and buffer solutions.

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✍️ Tips:

Practice numericals from Thermodynamics, Mole Concept, and Equilibrium.

Diagrams like atomic orbitals and VSEPR shapes are often asked.

Go through NCERT Examples – they are frequently used in 

exams.

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